At a glance
Location: Kosova.

In a substation the DC system is what allows protection to operate when the AC side is already in trouble. It is specified around the worst-case duty cycle, not around average load.

The installation, as delivered.
220 V DC rectifier and distribution cabinets for protection and control supply.

Location: Kosova.
Provide a DC auxiliary system for protection relays, control, and switchgear operation, sized to the substation duty cycle including tripping and closing currents.
A duty-cycle calculation first, then equipment selected against it. Nothing was ordered before the load profile was agreed in writing.
A DC system with a traceable design basis, so future load additions can be checked against the original calculation instead of guessed.
Last reviewed: